Nicaragua officially the Republic of Nicaragua is a representative democratic republic.
Capital and largest city: Managua
Official language: Spanish
Recognised regional languages: Creole, Miskito, Sumo and Rama
Ethnic groups: - 69% Mestizo
- 17% White (majority being of Western European ancestry)
- 5% Amerindian
- 9% Black
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Demonym: Nicaraguan
Government: Presidential republic
- President Daniel Ortega (FSLN)
- Vice President Jaime Morales Carazo
Independence from Spain and Mexico - Declared 15 September 1821
- Recognized 25 July 1850
- from the First Mexican Empire July 1, 1823
- Revolution 19 July 1979
Area - Total 130,373 km2 (97th)
- Water (%) 7.14
Population - July 2009 estimate 5,891,199 (110th)
- 2005 census 5,148,098
- Density 42/km2 (133rd)