The modern State of Qatar gained its independence from the UK on September 3, 1971.The country's constitution was ratified by public referendum on April 29, 2003; it was endorsed by the Emir on June 8, 2004; and it became effective on June 9, 2005.
Officially name: State of Qatar
Capital: Doha
Largest city: Doha
Official language: Arabic
Government: Absolute monarchy